LLM Reading Tea Leaves: Automatically Evaluating Topic Models with Large Language Models (2406.09008v2)

Abstract: Topic modeling has been a widely used tool for unsupervised text analysis. However, comprehensive evaluations of a topic model remain challenging. Existing evaluation methods are either less comparable across different models (e.g., perplexity) or focus on only one specific aspect of a model (e.g., topic quality or document representation quality) at a time, which is insufficient to reflect the overall model performance. In this paper, we propose WALM (Word Agreement with LLM), a new evaluation method for topic modeling that considers the semantic quality of document representations and topics in a joint manner, leveraging the power of LLMs. With extensive experiments involving different types of topic models, WALM is shown to align with human judgment and can serve as a complementary evaluation method to the existing ones, bringing a new perspective to topic modeling. Our software package is available at https://github.com/Xiaohao-Yang/Topic_Model_Evaluation.