Papers
Topics
Authors
Recent
Gemini 2.5 Flash
Gemini 2.5 Flash
97 tokens/sec
GPT-4o
53 tokens/sec
Gemini 2.5 Pro Pro
43 tokens/sec
o3 Pro
4 tokens/sec
GPT-4.1 Pro
47 tokens/sec
DeepSeek R1 via Azure Pro
28 tokens/sec
2000 character limit reached

Enabling Leakage Reduction via Fast and High-Fidelity Qutrit Readout (2405.08982v1)

Published 14 May 2024 in quant-ph and cs.AR

Abstract: Quantum Error Correction (QEC) is key to operating quantum processors effectively at practical scales. QECs are designed for systems comprising two-level systems, such as qubits, as their fundamental building block. Unfortunately, qubits can leak to third and higher energy levels, making these leaks challenging to detect and mitigate. If not addressed promptly, these leakage errors can proliferate and undermine QEC, leading to significant computational inaccuracies. Here, we present a high-fidelity three-level qubit readout protocol that is simple to implement on dedicated hardware such as FPGAs. Our design enables faster and higher-fidelity leakage detection over approaches using conventional qubit-state discriminators.

Definition Search Book Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
References (33)
  1. M. Brooks, “The race to find quantum computing’s sweet spot,” Nature, vol. 617, pp. S1–S3, 2023.
  2. F. Arute et al., “Quantum Supremacy using a Programmable Superconducting Processor,” Nature, vol. 574, pp. 505–510, Oct. 2019.
  3. R. Acharya, I. Aleiner, R. Allen, T. I. Andersen, M. Ansmann, F. Arute, K. Arya, A. Asfaw, J. Atalaya, R. Babbush, D. Bacon, J. C. Bardin, J. Basso, A. Bengtsson, S. Boixo, and et. al, “Suppressing quantum errors by scaling a surface code logical qubit,” Nature, vol. 614, pp. 676–681, Feb 2023.
  4. M. Suchara, A. W. Cross, and J. M. Gambetta, “Leakage suppression in the toric code,” in 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT), pp. 1119–1123, 2015.
  5. M. McEwen, D. Kafri, Z. Chen, J. Atalaya, K. J. Satzinger, C. Quintana, P. V. Klimov, D. Sank, C. Gidney, A. G. Fowler, F. Arute, K. Arya, B. Buckley, B. Burkett, N. Bushnell, B. Chiaro, R. Collins, S. Demura, A. Dunsworth, C. Erickson, B. Foxen, M. Giustina, T. Huang, S. Hong, E. Jeffrey, S. Kim, K. Kechedzhi, F. Kostritsa, P. Laptev, A. Megrant, X. Mi, J. Mutus, O. Naaman, M. Neeley, C. Neill, M. Niu, A. Paler, N. Redd, P. Roushan, T. C. White, J. Yao, P. Yeh, A. Zalcman, Y. Chen, V. N. Smelyanskiy, J. M. Martinis, H. Neven, J. Kelly, A. N. Korotkov, A. G. Petukhov, and R. Barends, “Removing leakage-induced correlated errors in superconducting quantum error correction,” Nature Communications, vol. 12, Mar. 2021.
  6. K. C. Miao, M. McEwen, J. Atalaya, D. Kafri, L. P. Pryadko, A. Bengtsson, A. Opremcak, K. J. Satzinger, Z. Chen, P. V. Klimov, C. Quintana, R. Acharya, K. Anderson, M. Ansmann, F. Arute, K. Arya, A. Asfaw, J. C. Bardin, A. Bourassa, J. Bovaird, L. Brill, B. B. Buckley, D. A. Buell, T. Burger, B. Burkett, N. Bushnell, J. Campero, B. Chiaro, R. Collins, P. Conner, A. L. Crook, B. Curtin, D. M. Debroy, S. Demura, A. Dunsworth, C. Erickson, R. Fatemi, V. S. Ferreira, L. F. Burgos, E. Forati, A. G. Fowler, B. Foxen, G. Garcia, W. Giang, C. Gidney, M. Giustina, R. Gosula, A. G. Dau, J. A. Gross, M. C. Hamilton, S. D. Harrington, P. Heu, J. Hilton, M. R. Hoffmann, S. Hong, T. Huang, A. Huff, J. Iveland, E. Jeffrey, Z. Jiang, C. Jones, J. Kelly, S. Kim, F. Kostritsa, J. M. Kreikebaum, D. Landhuis, P. Laptev, L. Laws, K. Lee, B. J. Lester, A. T. Lill, W. Liu, A. Locharla, E. Lucero, S. Martin, A. Megrant, X. Mi, S. Montazeri, A. Morvan, O. Naaman, M. Neeley, C. Neill, A. Nersisyan, M. Newman, J. H. Ng, A. Nguyen, M. Nguyen, R. Potter, C. Rocque, P. Roushan, K. Sankaragomathi, H. F. Schurkus, C. Schuster, M. J. Shearn, A. Shorter, N. Shutty, V. Shvarts, J. Skruzny, W. C. Smith, G. Sterling, M. Szalay, D. Thor, A. Torres, T. White, B. W. K. Woo, Z. J. Yao, P. Yeh, J. Yoo, G. Young, A. Zalcman, N. Zhu, N. Zobrist, H. Neven, V. Smelyanskiy, A. Petukhov, A. N. Korotkov, D. Sank, and Y. Chen, “Overcoming leakage in quantum error correction,” Nature Physics, vol. 19, pp. 1780–1786, Dec 2023.
  7. J. Ghosh, A. G. Fowler, J. M. Martinis, and M. R. Geller, “Understanding the effects of leakage in superconducting quantum-error-detection circuits,” Physical Review A, vol. 88, Dec. 2013.
  8. B. G. Markaida and L.-A. Wu, “Implementation of leakage elimination operators and subspace protection,” Scientific Reports, vol. 10, p. 18846, Nov 2020.
  9. F. Battistel, B. Varbanov, and B. Terhal, “Hardware-efficient leakage-reduction scheme for quantum error correction with superconducting transmon qubits,” PRX Quantum, vol. 2, July 2021.
  10. C. J. Wood and J. M. Gambetta, “Quantification and characterization of leakage errors,” Physical Review A, vol. 97, Mar. 2018.
  11. A. Blais, R.-S. Huang, A. Wallraff, S. M. Girvin, and R. J. Schoelkopf, “Cavity quantum electrodynamics for superconducting electrical circuits: An architecture for quantum computation,” Phys. Rev. A, vol. 69, p. 062320, Jun 2004.
  12. R. Yanagimoto, R. Nehra, R. Hamerly, E. Ng, A. Marandi, and H. Mabuchi, “Quantum nondemolition measurements with optical parametric amplifiers for ultrafast universal quantum information processing,” PRX Quantum, vol. 4, Mar. 2023.
  13. P. Krantz, M. Kjaergaard, F. Yan, T. P. Orlando, S. Gustavsson, and W. D. Oliver, “A quantum engineer’s guide to superconducting qubits,” Applied Physics Reviews, vol. 6, June 2019.
  14. B. Lienhard, A. Vepsäläinen, L. C. Govia, C. R. Hoffer, J. Y. Qiu, D. Ristè, M. Ware, D. Kim, R. Winik, A. Melville, B. Niedzielski, J. Yoder, G. J. Ribeill, T. A. Ohki, H. K. Krovi, T. P. Orlando, S. Gustavsson, and W. D. Oliver, “Deep-neural-network discrimination of multiplexed superconducting-qubit states,” Phys. Rev. Appl., vol. 17, p. 014024, Jan 2022.
  15. U. Azad and H. Zhang, “Machine learning based discrimination for excited state promoted readout,” 2022.
  16. S. Maurya, C. N. Mude, W. D. Oliver, B. Lienhard, and S. Tannu, “Scaling qubit readout with hardware efficient machine learning architectures,” in Proceedings of the 50th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture, ISCA ’23, ACM, June 2023.
  17. C. A. Ryan, B. R. Johnson, J. M. Gambetta, J. M. Chow, M. P. da Silva, O. E. Dial, and T. A. Ohki, “Tomography via correlation of noisy measurement records,” Phys. Rev. A, vol. 91, p. 022118, Feb 2015.
  18. B. M. Varbanov, F. Battistel, B. M. Tarasinski, V. P. Ostroukh, T. E. O’Brien, L. DiCarlo, and B. M. Terhal, “Leakage detection for a transmon-based surface code,” npj Quantum Information, vol. 6, Dec. 2020.
  19. P. Luchi, P. E. Trevisanutto, A. Roggero, J. L. DuBois, Y. J. Rosen, F. Turro, V. Amitrano, and F. Pederiva, “Enhancing qubit readout with autoencoders,” Phys. Rev. Appl., vol. 20, p. 014045, Jul 2023.
  20. Y. Wang, Z. Hu, B. C. Sanders, and S. Kais, “Qudits and high-dimensional quantum computing,” Frontiers in Physics, vol. 8, Nov. 2020.
  21. P. Gokhale, J. M. Baker, C. Duckering, N. C. Brown, K. R. Brown, and F. T. Chong, “Asymptotic improvements to quantum circuits via qutrits,” in Proceedings of the 46th International Symposium on Computer Architecture, ISCA ’19, ACM, June 2019.
  22. A. S. Nikolaeva, E. O. Kiktenko, and A. K. Fedorov, “Generalized toffoli gate decomposition using ququints: Towards realizing grover’s algorithm with qudits,” Entropy, vol. 25, p. 387, Feb. 2023.
  23. A. Córcoles, M. Takita, K. Inoue, S. Lekuch, Z. K. Minev, J. M. Chow, and J. M. Gambetta, “Exploiting dynamic quantum circuits in a quantum algorithm with superconducting qubits,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 127, Aug. 2021.
  24. W. van Dam, M. Mykhailova, and M. Soeken, “Using azure quantum resource estimator for assessing performance of fault tolerant quantum computation,” 2023.
  25. R. Versluis, S. Poletto, N. Khammassi, B. Tarasinski, N. Haider, D. J. Michalak, A. Bruno, K. Bertels, and L. DiCarlo, “Scalable quantum circuit and control for a superconducting surface code,” Physical Review Applied, vol. 8, Sept. 2017.
  26. D. Volya and P. Mishra, “State preparation on quantum computers via quantum steering,” IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering, vol. 5, pp. 1–14, 2024.
  27. N. Lacroix, L. Hofele, A. Remm, O. Benhayoune-Khadraoui, A. McDonald, R. Shillito, S. Lazar, C. Hellings, F. Swiadek, D. Colao-Zanuz, A. Flasby, M. B. Panah, M. Kerschbaum, G. J. Norris, A. Blais, A. Wallraff, and S. Krinner, “Fast flux-activated leakage reduction for superconducting quantum circuits,” 2023.
  28. N. Kanazawa, H. Emori, and D. C. McKay, “Qutrit state discrimination with mid-circuit measurements,” 2023.
  29. M. DeCross, E. Chertkov, M. Kohagen, and M. Foss-Feig, “Qubit-Reuse Compilation with Mid-Circuit Measurement and Reset,” Physical Review X, vol. 13, p. 041057, Oct. 2023.
  30. K. J. Mesman, F. Battistel, E. Reehuis, D. de Jong, M. J. Tiggelman, J. Gloudemans, J. C. van Oven, and C. C. Bultink, “Q-profile: Profiling tool for quantum control stacks applied to the quantum approximate optimization algorithm,” 2023.
  31. S. Brandhofer, I. Polian, and K. Krsulich, “Optimal qubit reuse for near-term quantum computers,” 2023.
  32. D. Amaro-Alcalá, B. C. Sanders, and H. de Guise, “Benchmarking of universal qutrit gates,” Physical Review A, vol. 109, Jan. 2024.
  33. A. Litteken, L. M. Seifert, J. D. Chadwick, N. Nottingham, T. Roy, Z. Li, D. Schuster, F. T. Chong, and J. M. Baker, “Dancing the quantum waltz: Compiling three-qubit gates on four level architectures,” in Proceedings of the 50th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture, ISCA ’23, ACM, June 2023.
User Edit Pencil Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
Authors (4)
  1. Chaithanya Naik Mude (5 papers)
  2. Satvik Maurya (6 papers)
  3. Benjamin Lienhard (22 papers)
  4. Swamit Tannu (23 papers)

Summary

We haven't generated a summary for this paper yet.

Ai Sparkles Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Summarize Now
X Twitter Logo Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com

Tweets