Interactive3D: Create What You Want by Interactive 3D Generation
(2404.16510)Abstract
3D object generation has undergone significant advancements, yielding high-quality results. However, fall short of achieving precise user control, often yielding results that do not align with user expectations, thus limiting their applicability. User-envisioning 3D object generation faces significant challenges in realizing its concepts using current generative models due to limited interaction capabilities. Existing methods mainly offer two approaches: (i) interpreting textual instructions with constrained controllability, or (ii) reconstructing 3D objects from 2D images. Both of them limit customization to the confines of the 2D reference and potentially introduce undesirable artifacts during the 3D lifting process, restricting the scope for direct and versatile 3D modifications. In this work, we introduce Interactive3D, an innovative framework for interactive 3D generation that grants users precise control over the generative process through extensive 3D interaction capabilities. Interactive3D is constructed in two cascading stages, utilizing distinct 3D representations. The first stage employs Gaussian Splatting for direct user interaction, allowing modifications and guidance of the generative direction at any intermediate step through (i) Adding and Removing components, (ii) Deformable and Rigid Dragging, (iii) Geometric Transformations, and (iv) Semantic Editing. Subsequently, the Gaussian splats are transformed into InstantNGP. We introduce a novel (v) Interactive Hash Refinement module to further add details and extract the geometry in the second stage. Our experiments demonstrate that Interactive3D markedly improves the controllability and quality of 3D generation. Our project webpage is available at \url{https://interactive-3d.github.io/}.
Overview
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The Interactive3D framework enhances 3D object generation by improving user control and the quality of generated content through a novel two-stage process involving Gaussian Splatting and Interactive Hash Refinement.
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Users can directly manipulate 3D models with various transformation tools including deformable and rigid dragging, local semantic editing, and geometric transformations in the Gaussian Splatting stage.
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The second stage transitions Gaussian splats into finer details using InstantNGP structures and an Interactive Hash Refinement process, allowing for high-detail enhancements and improved visual fidelity of 3D objects.
Enhanced Interactive Control in 3D Object Generation with the Interactive3D Framework
Introduction to Interactive3D
The newly introduced Interactive3D framework tackles longstanding challenges in the domain of 3D object generation, particularly those associated with user control and quality of generated content. Traditional 3D generation approaches have largely been limited in their interaction capabilities, often utilizing textual prompts or 2D images to guide the generative process, which frequently results in artifacts or outputs that diverge from user intentions. Interactive3D offers a transformative two-stage approach, combining Gaussian Splatting with an innovative Interactive Hash Refinement process to facilitate user engagement and significantly enhance the quality of the 3D models.
Interactive 3D Generation
First Stage: Gaussian Splatting for User Interaction
In the initial stage, Interactive3D employs Gaussian Splatting, capitalizing on its inherent flexibility to allow users to directly manipulate features of the 3D model. This includes:
- Adding or removing components
- Employing both deformable and rigid dragging
- Executing geometric transformations
- Applying local semantic editing
By converting complex user inputs directly into adjustments on the Gaussian splats, the framework enables substantial user control over the model during the generation process. The inclusion of deformable and rigid dragging, in particular, provides nuanced control over spatial modifications, such as changing the positioning or orientation of elements within the model.
Second Stage: InstantNGP and Interactive Hash Refinement
The transformation of Gaussian splats into InstantNGP structures is the foundational step of the second stage. This transition is facilitated by a NeRF distillation technique, which refines the initial coarse representation into a format suitable for advanced detail and texture enhancement using the novel Interactive Hash Refinement process. This refinement module allows for granular improvements by enabling the user to interactively select specific areas for enhancement, improving both the geometric and visual fidelity of the generated 3D objects.
Implications and Future Directions
Interactive3D significantly enriches the toolkit available for 3D content creators, allowing for an unprecedented level of direct and intuitive interaction with the generative process. The ability to integrate detailed user specifications at any point in the generation process opens up new avenues for personalized 3D model creation, applicable in areas ranging from personalized gaming content to bespoke 3D simulations in educational contexts.
Looking forward, the techniques pioneered in Interactive3D could pave the way for more sophisticated interaction paradigms across various forms of digital content creation. Further enhancements might focus on automating certain elements of the user interaction process, leveraging predictive AI to anticipate user modifications, or expanding the model's capacity to interpret and execute more complex user instructions with even greater accuracy.
Conclusion
Interactive3D introduces a highly effective and flexible framework for 3D model generation, characterized by its two-stage process utilizing Gaussian Splatting and InstantNGP with an Interactive Hash Refinement module. By enabling detailed and intuitive user interactions throughout the generation process, this framework marks a significant step forward in the field of 3D content creation, offering both improved control over the design process and enhanced quality of the final 3D models.
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