Optimal Control Barrier Functions: Maximizing the Action Space Subject to Control Bounds
(2402.17694)Abstract
This letter addresses the constraint compatibility problem of control barrier functions (CBFs), which occurs when a safety-critical CBF requires a system to apply more control effort than it is capable of generating. This inevitably leads to a safety violation, which transitions the system to an unsafe (and possibly dangerous) trajectory. We resolve the constraint compatibility problem by constructing a control barrier function that maximizes the feasible action space for first and second-order constraints, and we prove that the optimal CBF encodes a dynamical motion primitive. Furthermore, we show that this dynamical motion primitive contains an implicit model for the future trajectory for time-varying components of the system. We validate our optimal CBF in simulation, and compare its behavior with a linear CBF.
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