Papers
Topics
Authors
Recent
Gemini 2.5 Flash
Gemini 2.5 Flash
110 tokens/sec
GPT-4o
56 tokens/sec
Gemini 2.5 Pro Pro
44 tokens/sec
o3 Pro
6 tokens/sec
GPT-4.1 Pro
47 tokens/sec
DeepSeek R1 via Azure Pro
28 tokens/sec
2000 character limit reached

HiRIS: an Airborne Sonar Sensor with a 1024 Channel Microphone Array for In-Air Acoustic Imaging (2402.13110v1)

Published 20 Feb 2024 in eess.SP, cs.SD, and eess.AS

Abstract: Airborne 3D imaging using ultrasound is a promising sensing modality for robotic applications in harsh environments. Over the last decade, several high-performance systems have been proposed in the literature. Most of these sensors use a reduced aperture microphone array, leading to artifacts in the resulting acoustic images. This paper presents a novel in-air ultrasound sensor that incorporates 1024 microphones, in a 32-by- 32 uniform rectangular array, in combination with a distributed embedded hardware design to perform the data acquisition. Using a broadband Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) beamformer with Forward-Backward Spatial Smoothing (FB-SS), the sensor is able to create both 2D and 3D ultrasound images of the full-frontal hemisphere with high angular accuracy with up to 70dB main lobe to side lobe ratio. This paper describes both the hardware infrastructure needed to obtain such highly detailed acoustical images, as well as the signal processing chain needed to convert the raw acoustic data into said images. Utilizing this novel high-resolution ultrasound imaging sensor, we wish to investigate the limits of both passive and active airborne ultrasound sensing by utilizing this virtually artifact-free imaging modality.

Definition Search Book Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
References (40)
  1. Ulf Michel. History of acoustic beamforming. In 1st. Berlin Beamforming Conference, 2006.
  2. Allan D Pierce. Acoustics: an introduction to its physical principles and applications. Springer, 2019.
  3. ertis: A fully embedded real time 3d imaging sonar sensor for robotic applications. In 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), pages 1438–1443, 2019a. doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2019.8794419.
  4. Low-cost one-bit mems microphone arrays for in-air acoustic imaging using fpga’s. In 2017 IEEE SENSORS, pages 1–3. IEEE, 2017.
  5. An optimized planar mimo array approach to in-air synthetic aperture sonar. IEEE Sensors Letters, 3(11):1–4, 2019b.
  6. High-resolution ultrasound sensing for robotics using dense microphone arrays. IEEE Access, 8:190083–190093, 2020a. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3032177.
  7. Real-time 3-d imaging using an air-coupled ultrasonic phased-array. IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control, 68(3):796–806, 2020.
  8. Air-coupled ultrasonic spiral phased array for high-precision beamforming and imaging. IEEE Open Journal of Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 2:40–54, 2022.
  9. Two-scale sparse spiral array design for 3d ultrasound imaging in air. IEEE Open Journal of Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 2023.
  10. Distributed low-cost microphone array for 3d localization for bio-acoustic applications. In 2017 IEEE SENSORS, pages 1–3. IEEE, 2017.
  11. Passive acoustic sound source tracking in 3d using distributed microphone arrays. In 2018 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN), pages 1–8. IEEE, 2018.
  12. Bio-acoustic tracking and localization using heterogeneous, scalable microphone arrays. Communications biology, 4(1):1275, 2021.
  13. A flexible low-cost biologically inspired sonar sensor platform for robotic applications. In 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), pages 9617–9623. IEEE, 2019.
  14. Urtis: A small 3d imaging sonar sensor for robotic applications. In ICASSP 2020-2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pages 4801–4805. IEEE, 2020b.
  15. Bio-inspired gesture recognition with baffled transducers using temporal and spectral features. In 2023 IEEE SENSORS, pages 1–4. IEEE, 2023.
  16. A flexible embedded hardware platform supporting low-cost human pose estimation. In 2016 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN), pages 1–8. IEEE, 2016.
  17. On spatial aliasing in microphone arrays. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 57(4):1383–1395, 2008.
  18. Phased array transducer for emitting 40-khz air-coupled ultrasound without grating lobes. In 2015 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), pages 1–4. IEEE, 2015.
  19. A high-accuracy synchronization phase-compensation method based on kalman filter for bistatic synthetic aperture radar. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 17(10):1722–1726, 2019.
  20. Time and phase synchronization for wideband distributed coherent aperture radar. 2013.
  21. Characterization and calibration techniques for multi-channel phase-coherent systems. In 2015 IEEE AUTOTESTCON, pages 334–338. IEEE, 2015.
  22. Broadband 3-d sonar system using a sparse array for indoor navigation. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 29(1):161–171, 2012.
  23. Batslam: Simultaneous localization and mapping using biomimetic sonar. PloS one, 8(1):e54076, 2013.
  24. Class definitions for communication devices 1.2. https://www.usb.org/document-library/class-definitions-communication-devices-12.
  25. Parallel astronomical data processing with python: Recipes for multicore machines. Astronomy and Computing, 2:1–10, 2013.
  26. Harry L Van Trees. Optimum array processing: Part IV of detection, estimation, and modulation theory. John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
  27. An optimized spatial sampling strategy for wide-view planar array 3-d sonar sensors. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 67(6):1236–1241, 2020.
  28. Paul Leopardi. A partition of the unit sphere into regions of equal area and small diameter. Electronic Transactions on Numerical Analysis, 25(12):309–327, 2006.
  29. Jan Steckel. Sonar system combining an emitter array with a sparse receiver array for air-coupled applications. IEEE Sensors Journal, 15(6):3446–3452, 2015.
  30. Large-scale phased array calibration. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 67(9):5919–5933, 2019.
  31. Impact analysis and calibration methods of excitation errors for phased array antennas. IEEE Access, 9:59010–59026, 2021.
  32. A calibration technique for active phased array antennas. In IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology, 2003., pages 223–228. IEEE, 2003.
  33. Three sources, three receivers, six degrees of freedom: An ultrasonic sensor for pose estimation & motion capture. In 2015 IEEE SENSORS, pages 1–4. IEEE, 2015.
  34. Image quality evaluation of ultrasound imaging systems: advanced b-modes. Journal of applied clinical medical physics, 20(3):115–124, 2019.
  35. The delay multiply and sum beamforming algorithm in ultrasound b-mode medical imaging. IEEE transactions on medical imaging, 34(4):940–949, 2014.
  36. Airleakslam: Automated air leak detection. In Advances on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing (3PGCIC-2019) 14, pages 746–755. Springer, 2020.
  37. Airleakslam: detection of pressurized air leaks using passive ultrasonic sensors. In 2019 IEEE SENSORS, pages 1–4. IEEE, 2019.
  38. Tracking moored vessel movement in multiple dof using active sensing methods. IEEE Sensors Letters, 7(2):1–3, 2023.
  39. Beamforming applied to ultrasound analysis in detection of bearing defects. Sensors, 21(20):6803, 2021.
  40. Real-time sonar fusion for layered navigation controller. Sensors, 22(9):3109, 2022.
User Edit Pencil Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
Authors (3)
  1. Dennis Laurijssen (10 papers)
  2. Walter Daems (8 papers)
  3. Jan Steckel (20 papers)
Citations (3)
View on Semantic Scholar

Summary

We haven't generated a summary for this paper yet.

Ai Sparkles Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Summarize Now