Papers
Topics
Authors
Recent
Gemini 2.5 Flash
Gemini 2.5 Flash
166 tokens/sec
GPT-4o
7 tokens/sec
Gemini 2.5 Pro Pro
42 tokens/sec
o3 Pro
4 tokens/sec
GPT-4.1 Pro
38 tokens/sec
DeepSeek R1 via Azure Pro
28 tokens/sec
2000 character limit reached

A multi-level analysis of data quality for formal software citation (2306.17535v2)

Published 30 Jun 2023 in cs.DL

Abstract: Software is a central part of modern science, and knowledge of its use is crucial for the scientific community with respect to reproducibility and attribution of its developers. Several studies have investigated in-text mentions of software and its quality, while the quality of formal software citations has only been analyzed superficially. This study performs an in-depth evaluation of formal software citation based on a set of manually annotated software references. It examines which resources are cited for software usage, to what extend they allow proper identification of software and its specific version, how this information is made available by scientific publishers, and how well it is represented in large-scale bibliographic databases. The results show that software articles are the most cited resource for software, while direct software citations are better suited for identification of software versions. Moreover, we found current practices by both, publishers and bibliographic databases, to be unsuited to represent these direct software citations, hindering large-scale analyses such as assessing software impact. We argue that current practices for representing software citations -- the recommended way to cite software by current citation standards -- stand in the way of their adaption by the scientific community, and urge providers of bibliographic data to explicitly model scientific software.

Definition Search Book Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com
References (63)
  1. \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \APACrefbtitleQuarto Quarto [software]. {APACrefURL} https://github.com/quarto-dev/quarto-cli {APACrefDOI} \doi10.5281/zenodo.5960048 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  2. \APACrefYearMonthDay2020feb. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleScopus as a curated, high-quality bibliometric data source for academic research in quantitative science studies Scopus as a curated, high-quality bibliometric data source for academic research in quantitative science studies.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesQuantitative Science Studies11377–386. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1162/qss_a_00019 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  3. \APACrefYearMonthDay2022. \APACrefbtitlemagrittr: A Forward-Pipe Operator for R magrittr: A forward-pipe operator for r [R package]. {APACrefURL} https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=magrittr \APACrefnoteversion 2.0.3 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  4. \APACrefYearMonthDay2009jul. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleMethodologies for data quality assessment and improvement Methodologies for data quality assessment and improvement.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesACM Computing Surveys4131–52. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1145/1541880.1541883 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  5. \APACrefYearMonthDay2020. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleCredit lost: two decades of software citation in astronomy Credit lost: two decades of software citation in astronomy.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesThe Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series24918. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.3847/1538-4365/ab7be6 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  6. \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \APACrefbtitleggalluvial: Alluvial Plots in ’ggplot2’ ggalluvial: Alluvial plots in ’ggplot2’ [R package]. {APACrefURL} http://corybrunson.github.io/ggalluvial/ \APACrefnoteversion 0.12.5 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  7. \APACrefYearMonthDay2018. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleLink prediction for interdisciplinary collaboration via co-authorship network Link prediction for interdisciplinary collaboration via co-authorship network.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesSocial Network Analysis and Mining81–12. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1007/s13278-018-0501-6 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  8. \APACinsertmetastarcohen1960coefficient{APACrefauthors}Cohen, J.  \APACrefYearMonthDay1960. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleA coefficient of agreement for nominal scales A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesEducational and psychological measurement20137–46. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1177/001316446002000104 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  9. \APACrefYearMonthDay2019. \APACrefbtitlextable: Export Tables to LaTeX or HTML xtable: Export tables to latex or html [R package]. {APACrefURL} https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=xtable \APACrefnoteversion 1.8-4 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  10. \APACrefYearMonthDay2007. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleThe modular organization of domain structures: insights into protein–protein binding The modular organization of domain structures: insights into protein–protein binding.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPLoS computational biology312e239. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030239 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  11. \APACrefYearMonthDay2020. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleCurated archiving of research software artifacts: lessons learned from the French open archive (HAL) Curated archiving of research software artifacts: lessons learned from the french open archive (hal).\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesInternational Journal of Digital Curation15116–16. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.698 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  12. \APACrefYearMonthDay2018. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleGendered citation patterns across political science and social science methodology fields Gendered citation patterns across political science and social science methodology fields.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPolitical analysis263312–327. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1017/pan.2018.12 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  13. \APACrefYearMonthDay2021\APACmonth02. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleSoftcite dataset: A dataset of software mentions in biomedical and economic research publications Softcite dataset: A dataset of software mentions in biomedical and economic research publications.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of the Association for Information Science and Technology727870–884. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1002/asi.24454 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  14. \APACrefYearMonthDay2022\APACmonth07. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleUnderstanding progress in software citation: a study of software citation in the CORD-19 corpus Understanding progress in software citation: a study of software citation in the CORD-19 corpus.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPeerJ Computer Science8e1022. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.7717/peerj-cs.1022 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  15. \APACrefYearMonthDay2015. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleAmbiguity and variability of database and software names in bioinformatics Ambiguity and variability of database and software names in bioinformatics.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of biomedical semantics61–11. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1186/s13326-015-0026-0 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  16. \APACrefYearMonthDay2016. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleA survey of bioinformatics database and software usage through mining the literature A survey of bioinformatics database and software usage through mining the literature.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPloS one116e0157989. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1371/journal.pone.0157989 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  17. \APACrefYearMonthDay1999. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleSimultaneous confidence intervals for multinomial proportions Simultaneous confidence intervals for multinomial proportions.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of Statistical Planning and Inference821-2251–262. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1016/S0378-3758(99)00047-6 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  18. \APACinsertmetastarGoble2014{APACrefauthors}Goble, C.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2014\APACmonth09. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleBetter Software, Better Research Better software, better research.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesIEEE Internet Computing1854–8. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1109/mic.2014.88 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  19. \APACrefYearMonthDay2009. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleAssessing open source software as a scholarly contribution Assessing open source software as a scholarly contribution.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesCommunications of the ACM5212126–129. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1145/1610252.1610285 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  20. \APACrefYearMonthDay2014oct. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleThe Use of Bibliometrics for Assessing Research: Possibilities, Limitations and Adverse Effects The use of bibliometrics for assessing research: Possibilities, limitations and adverse effects.\BBCQ \BIn \APACrefbtitleIncentives and Performance Incentives and performance (\BPGS 121–139). \APACaddressPublisherSpringer International Publishing. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1007/978-3-319-09785-5_8 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  21. \APACrefYearMonthDay2020. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleCrossref: The sustainable source of community-owned scholarly metadata Crossref: The sustainable source of community-owned scholarly metadata.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesQuantitative Science Studies11414–427. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1162/qss_a_00022 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  22. \APACinsertmetastarhong2016we{APACrefauthors}Hong, N\BPBIC.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2016. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleWhy do we need to compare research software, and how should we do it Why do we need to compare research software, and how should we do it.\BBCQ \BIn \APACrefbtitleProceedings of the 4th Workshop on Sustainable Software for Science: Practice and Experiences (WSSSPE4. 1) Proceedings of the 4th workshop on sustainable software for science: Practice and experiences (wssspe4. 1) (\BVOL 1686). \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  23. \APACrefYearMonthDay2016. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleSoftware in the scientific literature: Problems with seeing, finding, and using software mentioned in the biology literature Software in the scientific literature: Problems with seeing, finding, and using software mentioned in the biology literature.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of the Association for Information Science and Technology6792137–2155. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1002/asi.23538 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  24. \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleA large dataset of software mentions in the biomedical literature A large dataset of software mentions in the biomedical literature.\BBCQ \BIn \APACrefbtitleProceedings of ISSI 2023 — the 19th International Conference of the International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics Proceedings of issi 2023 — the 19th international conference of the international society for scientometrics and informetrics (\PrintOrdinal2 \BEd, \BPGS 155–174). {APACrefDOI} \doi10.5281/zenodo.8305981 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  25. \APACrefYearMonthDay2021\APACmonth01. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleRecognizing the value of software: a software citation guide Recognizing the value of software: a software citation guide.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesF1000Research91257. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.12688/f1000research.26932.2 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  26. \APACrefYearMonthDay2015. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleTransitive credit and JSON-LD Transitive credit and json-ld.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of Open Research Software31. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.5334/jors.by \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  27. \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \APACrefbtitleThe Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. The semantic scholar open data platform. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.48550/arXiv.2301.10140 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  28. \APACinsertmetastareasyalluvial{APACrefauthors}Koneswarakantha, B.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2022. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleeasyalluvial: Generate Alluvial Plots with a Single Line of Code easyalluvial: Generate alluvial plots with a single line of code\BBCQ [\bibcomputersoftwaremanual]. {APACrefURL} https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=easyalluvial \APACrefnoteversion 0.3.1 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  29. \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleLink-Rot in Web-Sourced Multimedia Datasets Link-rot in web-sourced multimedia datasets.\BBCQ \BIn \APACrefbtitleInternational Conference on Multimedia Modeling International conference on multimedia modeling (\BPGS 476–488). {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1007/978-3-031-27077-2_37 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  30. \APACinsertmetastarlammey2015crossref{APACrefauthors}Lammey, R.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2015. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleCrossRef text and data mining services Crossref text and data mining services.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesInsights282. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1629/uksg.233 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  31. \APACrefYearMonthDay1977. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleThe measurement of observer agreement for categorical data The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesBiometrics159–174. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.2307/2529310 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  32. \APACrefYearMonthDay2016. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleResponses of bovine innate immunity to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection revealed by changes in gene expression and levels of microRNA Responses of bovine innate immunity to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection revealed by changes in gene expression and levels of microrna.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPloS one1110e0164461. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1371/journal.pone.0164461 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  33. \APACinsertmetastarrcompanion{APACrefauthors}Mangiafico, S\BPBIS.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \APACrefbtitlercompanion: Functions to Support Extension Education Program Evaluation rcompanion: Functions to support extension education program evaluation [R package]. \APACaddressPublisherNew Brunswick, New Jersey. {APACrefURL} https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=rcompanion/ \APACrefnoteversion 2.4.30 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  34. \APACrefYearMonthDay2017. \BBOQ\APACrefatitlePathological grooming: Evidence for a single factor behind trichotillomania, skin picking and nail biting Pathological grooming: Evidence for a single factor behind trichotillomania, skin picking and nail biting.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPLoS one129e0183806. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1371/journal.pone.0183806 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  35. \APACrefYearMonthDay2017. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleAssessing and tracing the outcomes and impact of research infrastructures Assessing and tracing the outcomes and impact of research infrastructures.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of the Association for Information Science and Technology6861341–1359. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1002/asi.23721 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  36. \APACrefYearMonthDay2017\APACmonth10. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleUnderstanding Software in Research: Initial Results from Examining Nature and a Call for Collaboration Understanding software in research: Initial results from examining nature and a call for collaboration.\BBCQ \BIn \APACrefbtitle2017 IEEE 13th International Conference on e-Science (e-Science) 2017 ieee 13th international conference on e-science (e-science) (\BPG 486-487). \APACaddressPublisherIEEE. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1109/eScience.2017.78 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  37. \APACrefYearMonthDay2021nov. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleImpact of computational approaches in the fight against COVID-19: an AI guided review of 17 000 studies Impact of computational approaches in the fight against COVID-19: an AI guided review of 17 000 studies.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesBriefings in Bioinformatics231. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1093/bib/bbab456 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  38. \APACrefYearMonthDay2015. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleAssessing the impact of software on science: A bootstrapped learning of software entities in full-text papers Assessing the impact of software on science: A bootstrapped learning of software entities in full-text papers.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of Informetrics94860–871. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1016/j.joi.2015.07.012 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  39. \APACrefYearMonthDay2010. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleGenome-wide association meta-analysis of cortical bone mineral density unravels allelic heterogeneity at the RANKL locus and potential pleiotropic effects on bone Genome-wide association meta-analysis of cortical bone mineral density unravels allelic heterogeneity at the rankl locus and potential pleiotropic effects on bone.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPLoS genetics611e1001217. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1371/journal.pgen.1001217 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  40. \APACinsertmetastarpatchwork{APACrefauthors}Pedersen, T\BPBIL.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2022. \APACrefbtitlepatchwork: The Composer of Plots patchwork: The composer of plots [R package]. {APACrefURL} https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=patchwork \APACrefnoteversion 1.1.2 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  41. \APACrefYearMonthDay2020. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleThe practice of self-citations: a longitudinal study The practice of self-citations: a longitudinal study.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesScientometrics1231253–282. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1007/s11192-020-03397-6 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  42. \APACinsertmetastarrstudio{APACrefauthors}Posit team.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \APACrefbtitleRStudio: Integrated Development Environment for R Rstudio: Integrated development environment for r [software]. \APACaddressPublisherBoston, MA. {APACrefURL} http://www.posit.co/ \APACrefnoteversion 2023.3.1.446 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  43. \APACinsertmetastarR{APACrefauthors}R Core Team.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \APACrefbtitleR: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing R: A language and environment for statistical computing [software]. \APACaddressPublisherVienna, Austria. {APACrefURL} https://www.R-project.org/ \APACrefnoteversion 4.3.0 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  44. \APACinsertmetastararticlenizer{APACrefauthors}Schindler, D.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2021. \APACrefbtitlearticlenizer articlenizer [software]. {APACrefURL} https://github.com/dave-s477/articlenizer \APACrefnoterelease 14.06.2021 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  45. \APACrefYearMonthDay2021. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleSoMeSci- A 5 Star Open Data Gold Standard Knowledge Graph of Software Mentions in Scientific Articles Somesci- a 5 star open data gold standard knowledge graph of software mentions in scientific articles.\BBCQ \BIn \APACrefbtitleProceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management Proceedings of the 30th acm international conference on information & knowledge management (\BPG 4574–4583). \APACaddressPublisherNew York, NY, USAAssociation for Computing Machinery. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1145/3459637.3482017 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  46. \APACrefYearMonthDay2022. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleThe role of software in science: a knowledge graph-based analysis of software mentions in PubMed Central The role of software in science: a knowledge graph-based analysis of software mentions in pubmed central.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPeerJ Computer Science8. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.7717/peerj-cs.835 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  47. \APACrefYearMonthDay2021\APACmonth04. \APACrefbtitleSoMeSci. SoMeSci. \APACaddressPublisherZenodo. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.5281/zenodo.4968738 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  48. \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \APACrefbtitleSoMeSci_Citation SoMeSci_Citation [software]. \APACrefnoteversion 1.0 {APACrefDOI} \doi10.5281/zenodo.10815753 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  49. \APACrefYearMonthDay2020. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleInvestigating Software Usage in the Social Sciences: A Knowledge Graph Approach Investigating software usage in the social sciences: A knowledge graph approach.\BBCQ \BIn A. Harth \BOthers. (\BEDS), \APACrefbtitleThe Semantic Web The semantic web (\BPGS 271–286). \APACaddressPublisherChamSpringer International Publishing. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_16 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  50. \APACinsertmetastardesctools{APACrefauthors}Signorell, A.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \APACrefbtitleDescTools: Tools for Descriptive Statistics Desctools: Tools for descriptive statistics [R package]. {APACrefURL} https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=DescTools \APACrefnoteversion 0.99.48 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  51. \APACrefYearMonthDay1995. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleSimultaneous confidence intervals and sample size determination for multinomial proportions Simultaneous confidence intervals and sample size determination for multinomial proportions.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of the American Statistical Association90429366–369. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.2307/2291162 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  52. \APACrefYearMonthDay2016. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleSoftware citation principles Software citation principles.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPeerJ Computer Science2e86. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.7717/peerj-cs.86 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  53. \APACrefYearMonthDay201612. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleCitations for Software: Providing Identification, Access and Recognition for Research Software Citations for software: Providing identification, access and recognition for research software.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesInternational Journal of Digital Curation11. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.2218/ijdc.v11i2.390 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  54. \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleJournal Production Guidance for Software and Data Citations Journal production guidance for software and data citations.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesScientific Data101656. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1038/s41597-023-02491-7 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  55. \APACrefYearMonthDay2012\APACmonth04. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleBRAT: a Web-based Tool for NLP-Assisted Text Annotation BRAT: a web-based tool for NLP-assisted text annotation.\BBCQ \BIn \APACrefbtitleProceedings of the Demonstrations at the 13th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics Proceedings of the demonstrations at the 13th conference of the European chapter of the association for computational linguistics (\BPGS 102–107). \APACaddressPublisherAvignon, FranceAssociation for Computational Linguistics. {APACrefURL} https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/E12-2021 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  56. \APACrefYearMonthDay2014. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleThe top 100 papers The top 100 papers.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesNature News5147524550. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1038/514550a \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  57. \APACrefYearMonthDay2022. \APACrefbtitlePython Python [software]. {APACrefURL} https://www.python.org/ \APACrefnoteversion 3.8.16 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  58. \APACinsertmetastarwade2022semantic{APACrefauthors}Wade, A\BPBID.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2022. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleThe semantic scholar academic graph (S2AG) The semantic scholar academic graph (S2AG).\BBCQ \BIn \APACrefbtitleCompanion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2022 Companion proceedings of the web conference 2022 (\BPGS 739–739). {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1145/3487553.3527147 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  59. \APACinsertmetastarwallis2013binomial{APACrefauthors}Wallis, S.  \APACrefYearMonthDay2013. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleBinomial confidence intervals and contingency tests: mathematical fundamentals and the evaluation of alternative methods Binomial confidence intervals and contingency tests: mathematical fundamentals and the evaluation of alternative methods.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of Quantitative Linguistics203178–208. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1080/09296174.2013.799918 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  60. \APACrefYearMonthDay2019. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleWelcome to the tidyverse Welcome to the tidyverse.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesJournal of Open Source Software4431686. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.21105/joss.01686 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  61. \APACrefYearMonthDay2021. \APACrefbtitletidyverse tidyverse [R package]. {APACrefURL} https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tidyverse/ \APACrefnoteversion 2.0.0 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  62. \APACrefYearMonthDay2017. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleTowards a social functional account of laughter: Acoustic features convey reward, affiliation, and dominance Towards a social functional account of laughter: Acoustic features convey reward, affiliation, and dominance.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesPloS one128e0183811. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1371/journal.pone.0183811 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib
  63. \APACrefYearMonthDay2023. \BBOQ\APACrefatitleOpen source software and global entrepreneurship Open source software and global entrepreneurship.\BBCQ \APACjournalVolNumPagesResearch Policy529104846. {APACrefDOI} \doi10.1016/j.respol.2023.104846 \PrintBackRefs\CurrentBib

Summary

We haven't generated a summary for this paper yet.

Ai Sparkles Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com Summarize Now
X Twitter Logo Streamline Icon: https://streamlinehq.com

Tweets