Super-resolution of positive near-colliding point sources

Abstract: In this paper, we analyze the capacity of super-resolution of one-dimensional positive sources. In particular, we consider the same setting as in [arXiv:1904.09186v2 [math.NA]] and generalize the results there to the case of super-resolving positive sources. To be more specific, we consider resolving $d$ positive point sources with $p \leqslant d$ nodes closely spaced and forming a cluster, while the rest of the nodes are well separated. Similarly to [arXiv:1904.09186v2 [math.NA]], our results show that when the noise level $\epsilon \lesssim \mathrm{SRF}^{-2 p+1}$, where $\mathrm{SRF}=(\Omega \Delta)<sup>{-1}$ with $\Omega$ being the cutoff frequency and $\Delta$ the minimal separation between the nodes, the minimax error rate for reconstructing the cluster nodes is of order $$\frac{1}{\Omega} \mathrm{SRF}^{2 p-2} \epsilon$$, while for recovering the corresponding amplitudes $\left{a_j\right}$ the rate is of order $\mathrm{SRF}^{2 p-1} \epsilon$. For the non-cluster nodes, the corresponding minimax rates for the recovery of nodes and amplitudes are of order $\frac{\epsilon}{\Omega}$ and $\epsilon$, respectively. Our numerical experiments show that the Matrix Pencil method achieves the above optimal bounds when resolving the positive sources.