The Differential Spectrum of the Power Mapping $x^{p^n-3}$
(2108.03088)Abstract
Let $n$ be a positive integer and $p$ a prime. The power mapping $x{pn-3}$ over $\mathbb{F}{pn}$ has desirable differential properties, and its differential spectra for $p=2,\,3$ have been determined. In this paper, for any odd prime $p$, by investigating certain quadratic character sums and some equations over $\mathbb{F}{pn}$, we determine the differential spectrum of $x{pn-3}$ with a unified approach. The obtained result shows that for any given odd prime $p$, the differential spectrum can be expressed explicitly in terms of $n$. Compared with previous results, a special elliptic curve over $\mathbb{F}_{p}$ plays an important role in our computation for the general case $p \ge 5$.
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