Optimal Phasor Measurement Unit Placement Using a Honey Bee Mating Optimization (HBMO) Technique Considering Measurement Loss and Line Outages

Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are important devices for protection, monitoring, and control of modern power systems. Unlike the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system which only measure the magnitude, PMUs can provide a set of synchronized phasor measurements with high sampling rate with the accuracy of less than one second, for better system monitoring especially during the outages. Since the PMUs are costly devices, system operator is not able to install a PMU at each bus to maximize the observability of system. To this end, determination of the number of PMUs in the system for having a 100% observability is pivotal. In this paper, honey bee mating optimization (HBMO) approach is utilized to allocate PMUs in modern power systems. Moreover, the impact of line outages, as well as measurement loses, are considered. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method on solving the PMU placement problem.