A Priori Generalization Error Analysis of Two-Layer Neural Networks for Solving High Dimensional Schrödinger Eigenvalue Problems

Abstract: This paper analyzes the generalization error of two-layer neural networks for computing the ground state of the Schr\"odinger operator on a $d$-dimensional hypercube. We prove that the convergence rate of the generalization error is independent of the dimension $d$, under the a priori assumption that the ground state lies in a spectral Barron space. We verify such assumption by proving a new regularity estimate for the ground state in the spectral Barron space. The later is achieved by a fixed point argument based on the Krein-Rutman theorem.