Small circuits and dual weak PHP in the universal theory of p-time algorithms (2004.11582v2)

Abstract: We prove, under a computational complexity hypothesis, that it is consistent with the true universal theory of p-time algorithms that a specific p-time function extending $n$ bits to $m \geq n^2$ bits violates the dual weak pigeonhole principle: every string $y$ of length $m$ equals the value of the function for some $x$ of length $n$. The function is the truth-table function assigning to a circuit the table of the function it computes and the hypothesis is that every language in P has circuits of a fixed polynomial size $n^d$.