Quantum Walk Sampling by Growing Seed Sets
(1904.11446)Abstract
This work describes a new algorithm for creating a superposition over the edge set of a graph, encoding a quantum sample of the random walk stationary distribution. The algorithm requires a number of quantum walk steps scaling as $\widetilde{O}(m{1/3} \delta{-1/3})$, with $m$ the number of edges and $\delta$ the random walk spectral gap. This improves on existing strategies by initially growing a classical seed set in the graph, from which a quantum walk is then run. The algorithm leads to a number of improvements: (i) it provides a new bound on the setup cost of quantum walk search algorithms, (ii) it yields a new algorithm for $st$-connectivity, and (iii) it allows to create a superposition over the isomorphisms of an $n$-node graph in time $\widetilde{O}(2{n/3})$, surpassing the $\Omega(2{n/2})$ barrier set by index erasure.
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