PID-EVOA: Tuning PID Controller Parameter Optimzation based on the Habits of the Egyptian Vulture

Proportional - Integral - Derivative (PID) Controller is a primary component in industrial control systems nowadays. Its gain parameters have a powerful effect on its transient response criteria such as integral squared error (ISE), settling time, rise time and overshooting. Tuning gain parameters of PID to reach the optimal transient response of control systems is a hard problem. The standard method is Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) method that initially computes the values of the parameters which produce reasonable response but can be enhanced. In this paper Egyptian Vulture Optimization Algorithm (EVOA) is used to tune the parameters of PID controller by minimizing the ISE function more than that using ZN. The results show that using EVOA enhanced the performance of the controller response better than ZN method when implemented to liquid level control system. The ISE was reduced from 32 to 8.9 and the settling time from 189 to 81 second.