On the Broadcast Independence Number of Caterpillars

Let $G$ be a simple undirected graph.A broadcast on $G$ isa function $f : V(G)\rightarrow\mathbb{N}$ such that $f(v)\le e_G(v)$ holds for every vertex $v$ of $G$, where $e_G(v)$ denotes the eccentricity of $v$ in $G$, that is, the maximum distance from $v$ to any other vertex of $G$.The cost of $f$ is the value ${\rm cost}(f)=\sum_{v\in V(G)}f(v)$.A broadcast $f$ on $G$ is independent if for every two distinct vertices $u$ and $v$ in $G$, $d_G(u,v)>\max{f(u),f(v)}$,where $d_G(u,v)$ denotes the distance between $u$ and $v$ in $G$.The broadcast independence number of $G$ is then defined as the maximum cost of an independent broadcast on $G$. In this paper, we study independent broadcasts of caterpillars and give an explicit formula for the broadcast independence number of caterpillars having no pair of adjacent vertices with degree 2.