On the State Complexity of the Shuffle of Regular Languages
(1512.01187)Abstract
We investigate the shuffle operation on regular languages represented by complete deterministic finite automata. We prove that $f(m,n)=2{mn-1} + 2{(m-1)(n-1)}(2{m-1}-1)(2{n-1}-1)$ is an upper bound on the state complexity of the shuffle of two regular languages having state complexities $m$ and $n$, respectively. We also state partial results about the tightness of this bound. We show that there exist witness languages meeting the bound if $2\le m\le 5$ and $n\ge2$, and also if $m=n=6$. Moreover, we prove that in the subset automaton of the NFA accepting the shuffle, all $2{mn}$ states can be distinguishable, and an alphabet of size three suffices for that. It follows that the bound can be met if all $f(m,n)$ states are reachable. We know that an alphabet of size at least $mn$ is required provided that $m,n \ge 2$. The question of reachability, and hence also of the tightness of the bound $f(m,n)$ in general, remains open.
We're not able to analyze this paper right now due to high demand.
Please check back later (sorry!).
Generate a summary of this paper on our Pro plan:
We ran into a problem analyzing this paper.